Three hours of lecture and four hours of laboratory per week. Continuation of OPT 110 with emphasis on case history and the etiology, diagnosis, and management of refractive errors and convergence anomalies. Theoretical basis of the various tests used to diagnose refractive errors. Presentation of problem-oriented medical record keeping as well as formulation of diagnosis and treatment plans. Evaluation of accommodative and convergence relationships and their influence on retinoscopy and monocular and binocular subjective refractive results, as well as alternate examination techniques and the formulation of a diagnosis and treatment plan are emphasized in laboratory.

Four hours of lecture and two hours of laboratory per week. Emphasis on visual and physical optics. Optics of objective and subjective refraction. Ophthalmoscopy. Magnification and retinal image size. Optical aspects of accommodation and presbyopia. Effects of apertures and aberrations on optical systems. Optics of low vision devices. Topics in physical optics to include interference, diffraction, polarization, lasers, and photometry. Entopic phenomena. Role of the pupil as it affects depth of field, aberrations, and accommodation. Incidence, distribution, etiology, and development of refractive error.

Four and one-half hours of lecture per week. Integrated physiology of the major organ systems to include the circulatory, respiratory, renal, digestive, nervous, endocrine, and reproductive systems. Embryological development of these structures.

One and one-half hours of lecture per week.  Innervation, kinematics and actions of the extraocular muscles.  Types of eye movements and their neurological control mechanisms.  Relationship of eye movements to visual perception and the reading task.  Clinical and research measurement techniques.  Introduction to disorders of ocular motility and clinical diagnostic procedures. 

One hour of lecture and one hour of laboratory per week. Optical and physical properties of single vision, multifocal and prismatic ophthalmic lenses. Ophthalmic frames, standard alignment, the boxing system and frame selection for patients. Neutralization of single vision and multifocal lenses, and lenses with prism. Determination of vertical imbalance in the reading position and methods of resolving that imbalance. Frame and lens considerations for high powered spectacle lenses. Introduction to the regulatory agencies that govern spectacle lenses and frames, and safety glasses.

 

 

One hour of lecture per week. Overview of the profession of optometry in the U.S. The historical development of optometry, public health initiatives and U.S. Health care. Organizational and legislative status of the profession. The evolving role of optometry as a primary health care discipline. An examination of the modes of optometric practice. Professionalism and behaviors of health care professionals.